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Mathematics for Economists
Chapter 2
Number systems
The real number system
Problem: Number systems
Rules of algebra
Inequalities
Sign-rules
Zero and one rules
Distributive law and quadratic identities
Rules of algebra: problems
Problem: Commutative and associative
Problem: Inequalities
Problem: Percent
Problem: Sign rules
Problem: Factor expressions
Problem: Factor expressions
Problem: Factor expressions
Problem: Zero rules
Problem: Quadratic identities
Problem: Quadratic identities with three terms
Problem: Quadratic identities
Problem: Square sum of three terms
Fractions and powers with integer exponents
Fractions
Powers with integer exponent
Powers, rules
Fractions and integer powers: Problems
Problem: Simplify fractions
Problem: Simplify fractions
Problem: Power rules, integer powers
Problem: Power rules, integer powers
Problem: Integer powers
Problem: Percent and growth
Problem: Understanding negative exponents and 0^0
Powers with rational exponents
Square root
Cube root
Nth root
Powers with rational and real exponent
General powers: Problems
Problem: Square roots
Problem: Square roots
Problem: Square roots and equations
Problem: n’th roots
Problem: Power rules with rational exponents
Problem: Rationalize denominator
Problem: Power functions
Problem: Proving fraction rules
Problem: Fractions, true or false
Inequalities and sign diagrams
Inequalities, Terminology
Sign diagram
Double Inequalities
Absolute Values
Intervals
Inequalities: Problems
Problem: Inequalities
Problem: Solving inequalities
Problem: Sign of expression
Problem: solving inequalities using sign diagrams
Problem: Solving inequalities
Problem: Solving inequalities
Problem: Solving inequalities
Problem: Absolute value
Problem: Absolute value
Logarithms
The common logarithm
Logarithmic laws for the common logarithm
The natural logarithm
Logarithm with arbitrary base
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Powers, rules
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Summary
Bases:
a
,
b
∈
R
a
,
b
∈
R
and exponents:
n
,
m
∈
Z
n
,
m
∈
Z
(assuming all powers are valid):
a
n
⋅
a
m
=
a
n
+
m
a
n
⋅
a
m
=
a
n
+
m
a
n
a
m
=
a
n
−
m
a
n
a
m
=
a
n
−
m
(
a
n
)
m
=
a
n
m
(
a
n
)
m
=
a
n
m
(
a
b
)
n
=
a
n
⋅
b
n
(
a
b
)
n
=
a
n
⋅
b
n
(
a
/
b
)
n
=
a
n
/
b
n
(
a
/
b
)
n
=
a
n
/
b
n
No nice formula for
a
n
⋅
b
m
a
n
⋅
b
m
or
(
a
+
b
)
n
(
a
+
b
)
n